The Dicistroviridae are a family of Group IV (positive-sense ssRNA) insect-infecting viruses. Some of the insects commonly infected by dicistroviruses include aphids, leafhoppers, flies, bees, ants, silkworms.
Taxonomy
Although many dicistroviruses were initially placed in the Picornaviridae they have since been reclassified into their own family. The name (Dicistro) is derived from the characteristic di-cistronic arrangement of the genome.
This family is a member of the 'picornavirus-like superfamily' (Comoviridae, Iflavirus, Picornaviridae, Potyviridae and Sequiviridae). Within this superfamily the gene order is the gene order of the non-structural proteins Hel(helicase)-Pro(protease)-RdRp(polymerase). The Dicistroviridae can be distinguished from the members of the taxa by the location of the their genome's organisation: the structural proteins are located at the 3' end rather than the 5' end (as found in Iflavirus, Picornaviridae and Sequiviridae) and by having 2 genomic segments rather than a single one (as in the Comoviridae).
This family has been divided into two genera and a number of as yet unclassified species.
Genus Cripavirus:
Aphid lethal paralysis virus
Black queen cell virus
Cricket paralysis virus (type species)
Drosophila C virus
Himetobi P virus
Homalodisca coagulata virus-1
Plautia stali intestine virus
Rhopalosiphum padi virus
Triatoma virus
Genus: Aparavirus
Acute bee paralysis virus (type species)
Israeli acute paralysis virus
Kashmir bee virus
Solenopsis invicta virus 1
Taura syndrome virus
Other species:
Cloudy wing virus
Blackberry virus Z
Acheta domesticus virus
Ervivirus
Mud crab dicistrovirus
The Dicistroviridae are a family of Group IV (positive-sense ssRNA) insect-infecting viruses. Some of the insects commonly infected by dicistroviruses include aphids, leafhoppers, flies, bees, ants, silkworms.
Notable species
Aphid lethal paralysis virus
Black queen cell virus – a Western honey bee virus
Bombyx mori infectious flacherie virus (BmIFV) – a silkworm virus
Cricket paralysis virus
Drosophila C virus
Himetobi P virus
Plautia stali intestine virus
Rhopalosiphum padi virus
Taura syndrome virus
Triatoma virus
Homalodisca coagulata virus 1 (HoCV-1) – a sharpshooter virus
Solenopsis invicta virus 1 (SINV-1) – a Red imported fire ant virus
RNA structural elements
Many of the Dicistroviridae genomes contains structured RNA elements. For example, the Cripaviruses have an internal ribosome entry site, which mimics a Met-tRNA and is used in the initiation of translation
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