Minggu, 23 Oktober 2011

Family Dicistroviridae Virus

The Dicistroviridae are a family of Group IV (positive-sense ssRNA) insect-infecting viruses. Some of the insects commonly infected by dicistroviruses include aphids, leafhoppers, flies, bees, ants, silkworms.

Taxonomy
Although many dicistroviruses were initially placed in the Picornaviridae they have since been reclassified into their own family. The name (Dicistro) is derived from the characteristic di-cistronic arrangement of the genome.

This family is a member of the 'picornavirus-like superfamily' (Comoviridae, Iflavirus, Picornaviridae, Potyviridae and Sequiviridae). Within this superfamily the gene order is the gene order of the non-structural proteins Hel(helicase)-Pro(protease)-RdRp(polymerase). The Dicistroviridae can be distinguished from the members of the taxa by the location of the their genome's organisation: the structural proteins are located at the 3' end rather than the 5' end (as found in Iflavirus, Picornaviridae and Sequiviridae) and by having 2 genomic segments rather than a single one (as in the Comoviridae).

This family has been divided into two genera and a number of as yet unclassified species.

    Genus Cripavirus:
        Aphid lethal paralysis virus
        Black queen cell virus
        Cricket paralysis virus (type species)
        Drosophila C virus
        Himetobi P virus
        Homalodisca coagulata virus-1
        Plautia stali intestine virus
        Rhopalosiphum padi virus
        Triatoma virus

    Genus: Aparavirus
        Acute bee paralysis virus (type species)
        Israeli acute paralysis virus
        Kashmir bee virus
        Solenopsis invicta virus 1
        Taura syndrome virus

Other species:

    Cloudy wing virus
    Blackberry virus Z
    Acheta domesticus virus
    Ervivirus
    Mud crab dicistrovirus
The Dicistroviridae are a family of Group IV (positive-sense ssRNA) insect-infecting viruses. Some of the insects commonly infected by dicistroviruses include aphids, leafhoppers, flies, bees, ants, silkworms.

Notable species

    Aphid lethal paralysis virus
    Black queen cell virus – a Western honey bee virus
    Bombyx mori infectious flacherie virus (BmIFV) – a silkworm virus
    Cricket paralysis virus
    Drosophila C virus
    Himetobi P virus
    Plautia stali intestine virus
    Rhopalosiphum padi virus
    Taura syndrome virus
    Triatoma virus
    Homalodisca coagulata virus 1 (HoCV-1) – a sharpshooter virus
    Solenopsis invicta virus 1 (SINV-1) – a Red imported fire ant virus


RNA structural elements
Many of the Dicistroviridae genomes contains structured RNA elements. For example, the Cripaviruses have an internal ribosome entry site, which mimics a Met-tRNA and is used in the initiation of translation

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