Nimaviridae is a family of Virus that includes/understands a single sort, Whispovirus, that affects to shrimps producing the denominated disease " La Mancha syndrome blanca". This is a highly infectious disease that produces of fast form the great mortality. The buds kill in few days to the totality of the populations of shrimps in the farms worldwide. The virus has a genome bicatenary DNA and therefore of belongs to Group I Classification of Baltimore . The 292,967 genome is to circulate and contains pb .
The viral particles have extended form and a size with envelope of 240-380 nm of length and 70-159 nm of diameter, whereas nucleocápside measures 120-205 nm of length and 95-165 nm of diameter. Sometimes the virus has one outer envelope in the form of membrane bicastrates lipidic and a tail like appendix in an end of Virus particle . Nucleocápside consists of 15 conspicuous located vertical helices throughout the longitudinal axis and each helix has two parallel striae and is composed by 14 globular capsómeros, each of which measures 8 nm of diameter.
The virus has an ample range of guests, is highly virulent and takes to rates of mortality of the 100% in few days in the case of the worked shrimps of the family Penaeidae . The majority of the worked peneidos shrimps ( Penaeus monodon, Marsupenaeus japonicus, Litopenaeus vannamei, Fenneropenaeus indicus, etc) is natural guests of the virus. Also it has been verified that other peneidos shrimps cannot severely be infected in the experiments. Many crustaceans like crabs ( Escila spp.), thorny lobsters ( Panulirus spp.), crayfish ( Astacus spp., etc) and fresh water shrimps ( Macrobrachium spp.) can be infected with variable gravity following the vital stage of the crustacean and the presence of external estresantes factors (bacterial, polluting temperature, salinity, diseases, etc).
The clinical signs include a sudden reduction of the food consumption, lethargy, loss of cutÃcula, bleaching and the presence of white spots of 0.0 mm of diameter in the inner surface of the shell, appendices and on cutÃcula of the abdominal segments. The chemical composition of the spots is similar to the one of the shell, with a percentage of calcium that constitutes the 80-90% of the total of the material, which suggests form by abnormalitys of the cuticular epidermis. The transmission of the virus is realized mainly by oral ingestion (horizontal transmission) and of mothers to children (vertical transmission) in the case of the deposits of shrimps. The virus is present in the wild populations of shrimps, especially in adjacent coastal waters to the farms of shrimps in Asia, but a mortality in mass in the populations of wild shrimps has still not been observed.
The viral particles have extended form and a size with envelope of 240-380 nm of length and 70-159 nm of diameter, whereas nucleocápside measures 120-205 nm of length and 95-165 nm of diameter. Sometimes the virus has one outer envelope in the form of membrane bicastrates lipidic and a tail like appendix in an end of Virus particle . Nucleocápside consists of 15 conspicuous located vertical helices throughout the longitudinal axis and each helix has two parallel striae and is composed by 14 globular capsómeros, each of which measures 8 nm of diameter.
The virus has an ample range of guests, is highly virulent and takes to rates of mortality of the 100% in few days in the case of the worked shrimps of the family Penaeidae . The majority of the worked peneidos shrimps ( Penaeus monodon, Marsupenaeus japonicus, Litopenaeus vannamei, Fenneropenaeus indicus, etc) is natural guests of the virus. Also it has been verified that other peneidos shrimps cannot severely be infected in the experiments. Many crustaceans like crabs ( Escila spp.), thorny lobsters ( Panulirus spp.), crayfish ( Astacus spp., etc) and fresh water shrimps ( Macrobrachium spp.) can be infected with variable gravity following the vital stage of the crustacean and the presence of external estresantes factors (bacterial, polluting temperature, salinity, diseases, etc).
The clinical signs include a sudden reduction of the food consumption, lethargy, loss of cutÃcula, bleaching and the presence of white spots of 0.0 mm of diameter in the inner surface of the shell, appendices and on cutÃcula of the abdominal segments. The chemical composition of the spots is similar to the one of the shell, with a percentage of calcium that constitutes the 80-90% of the total of the material, which suggests form by abnormalitys of the cuticular epidermis. The transmission of the virus is realized mainly by oral ingestion (horizontal transmission) and of mothers to children (vertical transmission) in the case of the deposits of shrimps. The virus is present in the wild populations of shrimps, especially in adjacent coastal waters to the farms of shrimps in Asia, but a mortality in mass in the populations of wild shrimps has still not been observed.
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